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Section/Rule:
4- 6. 6
Subject:
Rule 4 - Rules Governing the Missouri Bar and the Judiciary - Rules of Professional Conduct
Publication / Adopted Date:
Topic:
Public Service - Provision of Legal Services Following Determination of Major Disaster
Revised / Effective Date:
January 1, 2008
4-6.6 PROVISION OF LEGAL SERVICES FOLLOWING DETERMINATION OF MAJOR DISASTER
(a)
Determination of existence of major disaster
.
Solely for purposes of this Rule 4-6.6, this Court shall determine when an emergency affecting the justice system, as a result of a natural or other major disaster has occurred in:
(1) this jurisdiction and whether the emergency caused by the major disaster affects the entirety or only a part of this jurisdiction, or
(2) another jurisdiction but only after such a determination and its geographical scope have been made by the highest court of that jurisdiction.
The authority to engage in the temporary practice of law in this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(c) shall extend only to lawyers who principally practice in the area of such other jurisdiction determined to have suffered a major disaster causing an emergency affecting the justice system and the provision of legal services.
(b)
Temporary practice in this jurisdiction following major disaster
.
Following the determination of:
(1) an emergency affecting the justice system in this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(a), or
(2) that persons displaced by a major disaster in another jurisdiction and residing in this jurisdiction are in need of pro bono services and the assistance of lawyers from outside of this jurisdiction is required to help provide such assistance, a lawyer authorized to practice law in another United States jurisdiction and not disbarred, suspended from practice, or otherwise restricted from practice in any jurisdiction may provide legal services in this jurisdiction on a temporary basis. Such legal services must be provided on a
pro bono
basis without compensation, expectation of compensation, or other direct or indirect pecuniary gain to the lawyer. Such legal services shall be assigned and supervised through an established not-for-profit bar association,
pro bono
program, or legal services program or through such organizations specifically designated by this Court.
(c)
Temporary practice in this jurisdiction following major disaster in another jurisdiction
.
Following the determination of a major disaster in another United States jurisdiction, a lawyer who is authorized to practice law and who principally practices in that affected jurisdiction and who is not disbarred, suspended from practice, or otherwise restricted from practice in any jurisdiction may provide legal services in this jurisdiction on a temporary basis. Those legal services must arise out of and be reasonably related to that lawyer's practice of law in the jurisdiction or area of such other jurisdiction where the major disaster occurred.
(d)
Duration of authority for temporary practice
.
The authority to practice law in this jurisdiction granted by Rule 4-6.6(b) shall end when this Court determines that the conditions caused by the major disaster in this jurisdiction have ended. A lawyer then representing clients in this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(b) is authorized to continue the provision of legal services for such time as is reasonably necessary to complete the representation, but the lawyer shall not thereafter accept new clients.
The authority to practice law in this jurisdiction granted by Rule 4-6.6(c) shall end 60 days after this Court declares that the conditions caused by the major disaster in the affected jurisdiction have ended.
(e)
Court appearances
. The authority granted by this Rule 4-6.6 does not include appearances in court except:
(1) pursuant to
Rule 9
;
or
(2) if this Court, in any determination made under Rule 4-6.6(a), grants blanket permission to appear in all or designated courts of this jurisdiction to lawyers providing legal services pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(b).
For appearances under this Rule 4-6.6(e), the fee specified by
Rule 6.01(m)
and the receipt therefore are waived.
(f)
Disciplinary authority and registration requirement
.
Lawyers providing legal services in this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(b) or (c) are subject to this Court's disciplinary authority as provided in
Rule 4-8.5
.
Lawyers providing legal services in this jurisdiction under Rule 4-6.6(b) or (c) shall, within 30 days from the commencement of the provision of legal services, file a registration statement with the clerk of this Court. The registration statement shall be in a form prescribed by the clerk.
Any lawyer who provides legal services pursuant to this Rule 4-6.6 shall not be considered to be engaged in the unlawful practice of law in this jurisdiction.
(g)
Notification to clients
. Lawyers authorized to practice law in another United States jurisdiction who provide legal services pursuant to this Rule 4-6.6 shall inform clients in this jurisdiction of the jurisdiction in which they are authorized to practice law, any limits of that authorization, and that they are not authorized to practice law in this jurisdiction except as permitted by this Rule 4-6.6. They shall not state or imply to any person that they are otherwise authorized to practice law in this jurisdiction.
(Adopted Oct. 2, 2007, eff. January 1, 2008.)
COMMENT
[1] A major disaster in this or another jurisdiction may cause an emergency affecting the justice system with respect to the provision of legal services for a sustained period of time interfering with the ability of lawyers admitted and practicing in the affected jurisdiction to continue to represent clients until the disaster has ended. When this happens, lawyers from the affected jurisdiction may need to provide legal services to their clients, on a temporary basis, from an office outside their home jurisdiction. In addition, lawyers in an unaffected jurisdiction may be willing to serve residents of the affected jurisdiction who have unmet legal needs as a result of the disaster or, though independent of the disaster, whose legal needs temporarily are unmet because of disruption to the practices of local lawyers. Lawyers from unaffected jurisdictions may offer to provide these legal services either by traveling to the affected jurisdiction or from their own offices or both, provided the legal services are provided on a
pro bono
basis through an authorized not-for-profit entity or such other organizations specifically designated by this Court. A major disaster includes, for example, a hurricane, earthquake, flood, wildfire, tornado, public health emergency, or an event caused by terrorists or acts of war.
[2] Under Rule 4-6.6(a)(1), this Court shall determine whether a major disaster causing an emergency affecting the justice system has occurred in this jurisdiction, or in a part of this jurisdiction, for purposes of triggering Rule 4-6.6(b). This Court may, for example, determine that the entirety of this jurisdiction has suffered a disruption in the provision of legal services or that only certain areas have suffered such an event. The authority granted by Rule 4-6.6(b) shall extend only to lawyers authorized to practice law and not disbarred, suspended from practice, or otherwise restricted from practice in any other manner in any other jurisdiction.
[3] Rule 4-6.6(b) permits lawyers authorized to practice law in an unaffected jurisdiction and not disbarred, suspended from practice, or otherwise restricted from practicing law in any other manner in any other jurisdiction to provide pro bono legal services to residents of the affected jurisdiction following determination of an emergency caused by a major disaster, notwithstanding that they are not otherwise authorized to practice law in the affected jurisdiction. Other restrictions on a lawyer's license to practice law that would prohibit that lawyer from providing legal services pursuant to this Rule 4-6.6 include, but are not limited to, probation, inactive status, disability inactive status, or a non-disciplinary administrative suspension for failure to complete continuing legal education or other requirements. Lawyers on probation may be subject to monitoring and specific limitations on their practices. Lawyers on inactive status, despite being characterized in many jurisdictions as being "in good standing," and lawyers on disability inactive status are not permitted to practice law. Public protection warrants exclusion of these lawyers from the authority to provide legal services as defined in this Rule 4-6.6. Lawyers permitted to provide legal services pursuant to this Rule 4-6.6 must do so without fee or other compensation or expectation thereof. Their service must be provided through an established not-for-profit organization that is authorized to provide legal services either in its own name or that provides representation of clients through employed or cooperating lawyers. Alternatively, this Court may instead designate other specific organizations through which these legal services may be rendered. Under Rule 4-6.6(b), an
emeritus
lawyer from another United States jurisdiction may provide
pro bono
legal services on a temporary basis in this jurisdiction provided that the
emeritus
lawyer is authorized to provide
pro bono
legal services in that jurisdiction pursuant to that jurisdiction's
emeritus
or
pro bono
practice rule. Lawyers may also be authorized to provide legal services in this jurisdiction on a temporary basis under
Rule 4-5.5(c)
.
[4] Lawyers authorized to practice law in another jurisdiction, who principally practice in the area of such other jurisdiction determined by this Court to have suffered a major disaster and whose practices are disrupted by a major disaster there, and who are not disbarred, suspended from practice, or otherwise restricted from practicing law in any other manner in any other jurisdiction are authorized under Rule 4-6.6(c) to provide legal services on a temporary basis in this jurisdiction. Those legal services must arise out of and be reasonably related to the lawyer's practice of law in the affected jurisdiction.
For purposes of this Rule 4-6.6, the determination of a major disaster in another jurisdiction should first be made by the highest court of appellate jurisdiction in that jurisdiction.
For the meaning of "arise out of and reasonably related to," see
Rule 4-5.5
Comment [14]
.
[5] Emergency conditions created by major disasters end, and when they do, the authority created by Rule 4-6.6(b) and (c) also ends with appropriate notice to enable lawyers to plan and to complete pending legal matters. Under Rule 4-6.6(d), this Court determines when those conditions end only for purposes of this Rule 4-6.6. The authority granted under Rule 4-6.6(b) shall end upon such determination except that lawyers assisting residents of this jurisdiction under Rule 4-6.6(b) may continue to do so for such longer period as is reasonably necessary to complete the representation. The authority created by Rule 4-6.6(c) will end 60 days after this Court makes such a determination with regard to an affected jurisdiction.
[6] Rules 4-6.6(b) and (c) do not authorize lawyers to appear in the courts of this jurisdiction. Court appearances are subject to
Rule 9
.
This Court may, in a determination made under Rule 4-6.6(e)(2), include authorization for lawyers who provide legal services in this jurisdiction under Rule 4-6.6(b) to appear in all or designated courts of this jurisdiction without need for such
pro hac vice
admission. If such an authorization is included, any
pro hac vice
admission fees shall be waived. A lawyer who has appeared in the courts of this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(e) may continue to appear in any such matter notwithstanding a declaration under Rule 4-6.6(d) that the conditions created by major disaster have ended. Furthermore, withdrawal from a court appearance is subject to
Rule 4-1.16
.
[7] Authorization to practice law as a foreign legal consultant or in-house counsel in a United States jurisdiction offers lawyers a limited scope of permitted practice and may therefore restrict that person's ability to provide legal services under this Rule 4-6.6.
[8] The ABA National Lawyer Regulatory Data Bank is available to help determine whether any lawyer seeking to practice in this jurisdiction pursuant to Rule 4-6.6(b) or (c) is disbarred, suspended from practice or otherwise subject to a public disciplinary sanction that would restrict the lawyer's ability to practice law in any other jurisdiction.
