1.  Missouri Approved Charges – Criminal, Second Edition (MACH-CR 2d), as listed above, having been prepared by the Committee on Procedure in Criminal Cases and reviewed by the Court, are hereby adopted and approved.  The charge, form, and Notes on Use for MACH-CR 2d should be used and followed on and after January 1, 2026, and may be used and followed prior thereto, and any such use shall not be presumed to be error.

2.  Missouri Approved Instructions – Criminal, Fourth Edition (MAI-CR 4th), as listed above, having been prepared by the Committee on Procedure in Criminal Cases and reviewed by the Court, are hereby adopted and approved.  The instruction, form, and Notes on Use for MAI-CR 4th must be used and followed on and after January 1, 2026, and may be used and followed prior thereto, and any such use shall not be presumed to be error.

3.  It is further ordered that the above Table of Instructions and this Order be published in the Journal of The Missouri Bar and the South Western Reporter.